MAY DAY (Labor Day) Posted by Titisan KenArok , Sunday, May 1, 2011 at 12:58 PM, in Labels: History

 

MAY DAY (Labor Day)

This is the MAY DAY May 1, which commemorated as a day of international workers . May Day was born from the various series of working class struggle to gain control of the political economy of industrial rights. Serration serration heat-industrial era machinery membelalakkan eyes of the workers on the condition of society. The development of industrial capitalism in the early 19th century marks a drastic change of political economy, especially in Western capitalist countries. United States is a concrete example. Tightening discipline and the intensification of working hours, minimum wages, and poor working conditions at the factory level, reap anger and resistance from the working class.

There are two people that is considered to have contributed an idea to honor the workers , Peter McGuire and Matthew Maguire , a machine worker from Paterson, New Jersey. In 1872, McGuire and 100,000 workers went on strike demanding a decrease in working hours. He went on talking with the workers and unemployed people, lobbying the city government to provide jobs and overtime pay. McGuire became known as "bullies peace of society."

In 1881, McGuire moved to St. Louis. Louis, Missouri and began to organize carpenters. Finally established a unity consisting of a carpenter in Chicago, with McGuire as Secretary General of "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America." The idea of ​​organizing workers according to their trades spread around the country. McGuire and laborers in other cities planned a holiday for workers on the first Monday in September in between Independence Day and Thanksgiving Day.

On September 5, 1882, the first Labor Day parade was held in New York City with 20,000 participants carrying banners that read 8 hours, 8 hours rest, 8 hours recreation. Maguire and McGuire played a key role in organizing this parade. In subsequent years, the idea spread and all states celebrated.

Pada1887, Oregon became the first state to make it a public holiday. In 1894. Presider Grover Cleveland signed a law that made the first week of September an official public holiday held on the First International nasional.Kongres September 1866 in Geneva, Switzerland, attended by various elements of workers' organizations around the world. Congress sets a demand to reduce working hours to eight hours a day, the previous (still in the same year) has made the National Labor Union in the U.S.: As these constraints represent the general demands of the United States working class, the changing demands of the congress has become common ground the working class worldwide.

One may set as the day the world working class struggle in the Congress of 1886 by the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions for, besides giving the moment demands eight hours a day, give a new spirit of working class struggle that reached a massive in that era. May 1 was chosen because in 1884 [Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions, inspired by the success of labor action in Canada in 1872 requires eight hours of work in the United States and entered into force on 1 Mei1886.

Day laborers in Indonesia

Indonesia in 1920 also began to commemorate the day of Labour on 1 May. Ibarruri Aidit (DN Aidit eldest daughter) as a child with her ​​mother had attended the International Labor Day celebration in the Soviet Union, after the adults also attended the International Labor Day May 1, 1970 in Field Tian An Men PRC on the warning he attended also by Mao Zedong, Queen of Prince Sihanouk and his wife Monique, Prime Minister of Cambodia Pennut, Lin Biao (the second person of the Chinese Communist Party) and the Burma Communist Party leader Thaksin B Tan Tein.

But since the reign of the New Order was no longer celebrated Labor day in Indonesia, and since then, 1 May is no longer a public holiday to commemorate the role of unions in society and the economy. This is because the labor movement is connected with the communist movement and understand that since the incident in 1965 G30S taboo in Indonesia.

During Suharto's rule , the action for May Day commemoration in the category subversive activity, because May Day is always connoted with communist ideology. Connotation is clearly not fit, because the majority of countries in the world (most of which nonkomunis ideology, even embracing the principles of anti-communist), set May 1 as Labor Day and make it as a national holiday.

After the New Order era ended, though not a holiday, each dated May 1, re-bloom is celebrated by workers in Indonesia, with demonstrations in various cities.

Fears that a mass movement that mobilized workers each on May 1, led to riots, it was never proven. Since May Day commemoration in 1999 to 2006 there has never been destructive acts committed by the mass movement of workers who entered the category of "endangering public order." What happened instead repressive actions of security forces against the workers, because they are still guided by the old paradigm that assumes a May Day warning is subversive and masterminded the communist movement.

Source: http://sikenarok.blogspot.com